A computer mouse is a pointing device (hand control) that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of. Computer mouse - Wikipedia. A computer mouse with the most common features: two buttons (left and right) and a scroll wheel, which can also act as a third button. A computer mouse is a pointing device (hand control) that detects two- dimensional motion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows a smooth control of the graphical user interface. Physically, a mouse consists of an object held in one's hand, with one or more buttons. Mice often also feature other elements, such as touch surfaces and "wheels", which enable additional control and dimensional input. The earliest known publication of the term mouse as referring to a computer pointing device is in Bill English's July 1.
![]() Computer- Aided Display Control".[1][2][3]The plural for the small rodent is always "mice" in modern usage. The plural of a computer mouse is "mouses" and "mice" according to most dictionaries, but "mice" being more common.[4] The first recorded plural usage is "mice"; the online Oxford Dictionaries cites a 1. J. C. R. Licklider's "The Computer as a Communication Device" of 1. History[edit]The trackball, a related pointing device, was invented in 1. Ralph Benjamin as part of a post- World War II- era fire- controlradar plotting system called Comprehensive Display System (CDS). Benjamin was then working for the British Royal Navy Scientific Service. Benjamin's project used analog computers to calculate the future position of target aircraft based on several initial input points provided by a user with a joystick. Benjamin felt that a more elegant input device was needed and invented what they called a "roller ball" for this purpose.[6][7]The device was patented in 1. Another early trackball was built by British electrical engineer. Kenyon Taylor in collaboration with Tom Cranston and Fred Longstaff. Taylor was part of the original Ferranti Canada, working on the Royal Canadian Navy's DATAR (Digital Automated Tracking and Resolving) system in 1. DATAR was similar in concept to Benjamin's display. The trackball used four disks to pick up motion, two each for the X and Y directions. Several rollers provided mechanical support. When the ball was rolled, the pickup discs spun and contacts on their outer rim made periodic contact with wires, producing pulses of output with each movement of the ball. By counting the pulses, the physical movement of the ball could be determined. A digital computer calculated the tracks and sent the resulting data to other ships in a task force using pulse- code modulation radio signals. This trackball used a standard Canadian five- pin bowling ball. ![]() It was not patented, since it was a secret military project.[9][1. Early mouse patents. From left to right: Opposing track wheels by Engelbart, Nov. U. S. Patent 3,5. Ball and wheel by Rider, Sept. U. S. Patent 3,8. ![]() Ball and two rollers with spring by Opocensky, Oct. U. S. Patent 3,9. Douglas Engelbart of the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) has been credited in published books by Thierry Bardini,[1. Paul Ceruzzi,[1. 2]Howard Rheingold,[1. Engelbart was also recognized as such in various obituary titles after his death in July 2. By 1. 96. 3, Engelbart had already established a research lab at SRI, the Augmentation Research Center (ARC), to pursue his objective of developing both hardware and software computer technology to "augment" human intelligence. That November, while attending a conference on computer graphics in Reno, Nevada, Engelbart began to ponder how to adapt the underlying principles of the planimeter to X- Y coordinate input.[1. On November 1. 4, 1. He wrote that the "bug" would be "easier" and "more natural" to use, and unlike a stylus, it would stay still when let go, which meant it would be "much better for coordination with the keyboard."[1. In 1. 96. 4, Bill English joined ARC, where he helped Engelbart build the first mouse prototype.[2][2. They christened the device the mouse as early models had a cord attached to the rear part of the device which looked like a tail, and in turn resembled the common mouse.[2. As noted above, this "mouse" was first mentioned in print in a July 1.English was the lead author.[1][2][3] On December 9, 1.Engelbart publicly demonstrated the mouse at what would come to be known as The Mother of All Demos. Spss 17 Full Download Crack more. Engelbart never received any royalties for it, as his employer SRI held the patent, which expired before the mouse became widely used in personal computers.[2.In any event, the invention of the mouse was just a small part of Engelbart's much larger project of augmenting human intellect.[2.Inventor Douglas Engelbart holding the first computer mouse,[2. Several other experimental pointing- devices developed for Engelbart's o. N- Line System (NLS) exploited different body movements – for example, head- mounted devices attached to the chin or nose – but ultimately the mouse won out because of its speed and convenience.[2. The first mouse, a bulky device (pictured) used two potentiometers perpendicular to each other and connected to wheels: the rotation of each wheel translated into motion along one axis.[2. At the time of the "Mother of All Demos", Engelbart's group had been using their second generation, 3- button mouse for about a year. On October 2, 1. 96. Rollkugel (German for "rolling ball") was described as an optional device for its SIG- 1. German company Telefunken.[2. As the name suggests and unlike Engelbart's mouse, the Telefunken model already had a ball. It was based on an earlier trackball- like device (also named Rollkugel) that was embedded into radar flight control desks. This trackball had been developed by a team led by Rainer Mallebrein at Telefunken Konstanz for the German Bundesanstalt für Flugsicherung as part of their TR 8. SIG 1. 00- 8. 6[2. The ball- based computer mouse with a Telefunken. Rollkugel. RKS 1. TR 8. 6 computer system. When the development for the Telefunken main frame TR 4. Mallebrein and his team came up with the idea of "reversing" the existing Rollkugel into a moveable mouse- like device, so that customers did not have to be bothered with mounting holes for the earlier trackball device. Together with light pens and trackballs, it was offered as an optional input device for their system since 1. Some Rollkugel mouses installed at the Leibniz- Rechenzentrum in Munich in 1. Telefunken considered the invention too unimportant to apply for a patent on it. The Xerox Alto was one of the first computers designed for individual use in 1. Inspired by PARC's Alto, the Lilith, a computer which had been developed by a team around Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zürich between 1. The third marketed version of an integrated mouse shipped as a part of a computer and intended for personal computer navigation came with the Xerox 8. Star in 1. 98. 1. By 1. 98. 2 the Xerox 8. The Sun- 1 also came with a mouse, and the forthcoming Apple Lisa was rumored to use one, but the peripheral remained obscure; Jack Hawley of The Mouse House reported that one buyer for a large organization believed at first that his company sold lab mice. Hawley, who manufactured mice for Xerox, stated that "Practically, I have the market all to myself right now"; a Hawley mouse cost $4. That year Microsoft made the decision to make the MS- DOS program Microsoft Word mouse- compatible, and developed the first PC- compatible mouse. Microsoft's mouse shipped in 1. Microsoft Hardware division of the company.[3. However, the mouse remained relatively obscure until the appearance of the Macintosh 1. K (which included an updated version of the Lisa Mouse) in 1. Amiga 1. 00. 0 and the Atari ST in 1. Operation[edit]A mouse typically controls the motion of a pointer in two dimensions in a graphical user interface (GUI). The mouse turns movements of the hand backward and forward, left and right into equivalent electronic signals that in turn are used to move the pointer. The relative movements of the mouse on the surface are applied to the position of the pointer on the screen, which signals the point where actions of the user take place, so hand movements are replicated by the pointer.[3. Clicking or hovering (stopping movement while the cursor is within the bounds of an area) can select files, programs or actions from a list of names, or (in graphical interfaces) through small images called "icons" and other elements. Latest Topics | ZDNet. What would an escalation of tensions mean for the future of our relationships with Russian software companies, developers, and strategically outsourced tech talent? Jason Perlow in Cloud.
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